TypeScriptにおけるDOM操作/イベント処理に用いられるクラス

 1// Get the element using getElementById
 2const element = document.getElementById('myElement') as HTMLDivElement | null;
 3if (element) {
 4    element.textContent = 'Hello, TypeScript!';
 5}
 6
 7// querySelector can specify a generic type for more precise typing
 8const button = document.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>('#myButton');
 9button?.addEventListener('click', () => {
10    console.log('Button clicked!');
11
12    // Create a new element dynamically
13    const newDiv = document.createElement('div');
14    newDiv.textContent = 'New element created!';
15    document.body.appendChild(newDiv);
16});

 1// Use querySelector to manipulate element properties
 2const divElement = document.querySelector<HTMLDivElement>('.myClass');
 3if (divElement) {
 4    // Set innerHTML
 5    divElement.innerHTML = '<strong>Hello with innerHTML!</strong>';
 6
 7    // Set textContent
 8    divElement.textContent = 'Hello with textContent!';
 9
10    // Add a new class
11    divElement.classList.add('newClass');
12
13    // Set a custom attribute
14    divElement.setAttribute('data-role', 'content');
15}

 1// NodeList supports forEach iteration
 2const divs: NodeListOf<HTMLDivElement> = document.querySelectorAll('div');
 3divs.forEach(div => {
 4    div.textContent = 'Updated!';
 5});
 6
 7// HTMLCollection is not directly iterable, convert it to an array
 8const spans: HTMLCollectionOf<HTMLSpanElement> =
 9    document.getElementsByClassName('span-item') as HTMLCollectionOf<HTMLSpanElement>;
10Array.from(spans).forEach(span => {
11    span.textContent = 'Changed!';
12});

 1const form = document.querySelector<HTMLFormElement>('#myForm');
 2form?.addEventListener('submit', (event: Event) => {
 3    // target refers to the element that triggered the event (the form)
 4    const target = event.target as HTMLFormElement;
 5
 6    // type shows the kind of event, e.g., "submit"
 7    console.log(`Event type: ${event.type}`);
 8
 9    // preventDefault disables the default form submission
10    event.preventDefault();
11    console.log('Form submission prevented.');
12});

1const div = document.getElementById('clickArea');
2if (div) {
3    div.addEventListener('click', (event: MouseEvent) => {
4        console.log(`Clicked at: (${event.clientX}, ${event.clientY})`);
5    });
6}

 1document.addEventListener('keydown', (event: KeyboardEvent) => {
 2    // Show the key name (e.g., "Enter", "a")
 3    console.log(`Key pressed: ${event.key}`);
 4
 5    // Show the physical key code (e.g., "Enter", "KeyA")
 6    console.log(`Key code: ${event.code}`);
 7
 8    // Check if Alt/Ctrl/Shift key was pressed
 9    console.log(`Alt pressed: ${event.altKey}`);
10    console.log(`Ctrl pressed: ${event.ctrlKey}`);
11    console.log(`Shift pressed: ${event.shiftKey}`);
12
13    if (event.key === 'Enter') {
14        console.log('Enter was pressed');
15    }
16});

 1const inputElement = document.getElementById('myInput');
 2if (inputElement) {
 3    inputElement.addEventListener('focus', (event: FocusEvent) => {
 4        console.log('Input focused');
 5    });
 6
 7    inputElement.addEventListener('blur', (event: FocusEvent) => {
 8        console.log('Input lost focus');
 9    });
10}

1const input = document.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>('#myInput');
2// Event listener with explicit type annotation for safety
3input?.addEventListener('input', (event: Event) => {
4    // event.target is EventTarget, so it needs to be cast to the correct type
5    const target = event.target as HTMLInputElement;
6    console.log(`Current value: ${target.value}`);
7});

 1// Generic event handler function
 2function handleEvent<T extends Event>(event: T) {
 3    console.log(`Event type: ${event.type}`);
 4    if (event.target instanceof HTMLElement) {
 5        console.log(`Target element: ${event.target.tagName}`);
 6    }
 7}
 8
 9const input = document.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>('#myInput');
10input?.addEventListener('input', handleEvent);