JavaScript 基礎

1var x = 10;

1let y = 20;

1const z = 30;

1var globalVar = 'This is global'; // Global scope
2
3function accessGlobal() {
4    console.log(globalVar); // Able to access global variable
5}
6
7accessGlobal(); // Outputs "This is global"

1if (true) {
2    let localVar = "This is a block-scoped variable";
3
4    // Accessible inside the brackets
5    console.log(localVar);
6}
7
8// Error: localVar cannot be used outside of this scope
9console.log(localVar);

 1function myFunction() {
 2    var functionScoped = 'This is function scope';
 3    // Accessible inside the function
 4    console.log(functionScoped);
 5
 6    if (true) {
 7        var functionVar = 'This is also function scope';
 8    }
 9    // functionVar can be used inside of the fucntion
10    console.log(functionVar);
11}
12
13myFunction(); // Outputs "This is function scope"
14
15// Error: functionScoped is not defined
16console.log(functionScoped);

 1// Number: Numeric type (integer and floating point number)
 2let integerNumber = 42;
 3let floatNumber = 3.14;
 4console.log("Number (Integer):", integerNumber);
 5console.log("Number (Float):", floatNumber);
 6
 7// String: String type
 8let text = "Hello, JavaScript!";
 9console.log("String:", text);
10
11// Boolean: Boolean type (true or false)
12let isJavaScriptFun = true;
13let isError = false;
14console.log("Boolean (true):", isJavaScriptFun);
15console.log("Boolean (false):", isError);
16
17// Null: Explicitly represents "nothing"
18let emptyValue = null;
19console.log("Null:", emptyValue);
20
21// Undefined: The default value assigned to an uninitialized variable
22let notDefined;
23console.log("Undefined:", notDefined);
24
25// Symbol: A data type for creating unique values
26let uniqueKey = Symbol("id");
27console.log("Symbol:", uniqueKey);

 1// Object: A data structure that holds multiple properties
 2let person = {
 3    name: "Alice",
 4    age: 25,
 5    isStudent: false
 6};
 7console.log("Object:", person);
 8console.log("Object Property (name):", person.name);
 9console.log("Object Property (age):", person.age);
10
11// Array: A list that holds multiple values
12let numbers = [10, 20, 30, 40];
13console.log("Array:", numbers);
14console.log("Array Element (index 0):", numbers[0]);
15
16// Function: A function object
17function greet(name) {
18  return "Hello, " + name + "!";
19}
20console.log("Function Output:", greet("Bob"));
21
22// Another way to define a function using arrow syntax
23let add = (a, b) => a + b;
24console.log("Arrow Function Output (3 + 5):", add(3, 5));

1let score = 100;
2score = 150; // Correct
3
4const pi = 3.14;
5pi = 3.14159; // Error

1console.log(a); // undefined
2var a = 10;
3console.log(a); // 10

1console.log(b); // ReferenceError
2let b = 20;

1const singleQuote = 'It\'s a beautiful day!';
2console.log(singleQuote); // Output: It's a beautiful day!
3
4const doubleQuote = "He said, \"Hello there!\"";
5console.log(doubleQuote); // Output: He said, "Hello there!"

1const path = "C:\\Program Files\\MyApp";
2console.log(path); // Output: C:\Program Files\MyApp

1const multiline = "First line\nSecond line\nThird line";
2console.log(multiline);
3// Output:
4// First line
5// Second line
6// Third line
7
8const tabbed = "Column1\tColumn2\tColumn3";
9console.log(tabbed); // Output: Column1  Column2  Column3

1const smiley = "\u263A";  // Copyright Mark
2console.log(smiley);

1const message = `This is a message
2that spans multiple lines`;
3console.log(message);
4// Output:
5// This is a message
6// that spans multiple lines